Basic about Content Provider.
Creating our own Content Provider is a powerful way to share data stored in our app with other apps securely. In this section, we'll create a custom Content Provider that uses SharedPreferences as a data storage mechanism and demonstrate how to access this data from other apps.
Step 1: Define the Custom Content Provider
First, create a new Kotlin class for your custom Content Provider. In this example, let's call it MyContentProvider. Our custom Content Provider class should extend the ContentProvider class and override essential methods like onCreate(), query(), insert(), update(), and delete().
class MyContentProvider : ContentProvider() {
private lateinit var sharedPreferences: SharedPreferences
override fun onCreate(): Boolean {
context?.let {
sharedPreferences = it.getSharedPreferences("my_prefs", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
}
return true
}
override fun query(
uri: Uri,
projection: Array<String>?,
selection: String?,
selectionArgs: Array<String>?,
sortOrder: String?
): Cursor? {
return null
}
override fun insert(uri: Uri, values: ContentValues?): Uri? {
return null
}
override fun update(
uri: Uri,
values: ContentValues?,
selection: String?,
selectionArgs: Array<String>?
): Int {
return 0
}
override fun delete(uri: Uri, selection: String?, selectionArgs: Array<String>?): Int {
return 0
}
override fun getType(uri: Uri): String? {
return null
}
}
Step 2: Declare the Content Provider in AndroidManifest.xml
To make our custom Content Provider accessible to other apps, we need to declare it in our app's AndroidManifest.xml file. Add the following lines inside the <application> element:
<provider
android:name=".MyContentProvider"
android:authorities="com.rommansabbir.cpexample.package.mycontentprovider"
android:exported="true">
</provider>
Replace com.rommansabbir.cpexample.package with our app's actual package name.
Step 3: Accessing the Custom Content Provider from Another App
Now, let's see how another app can access data from our custom Content Provider.
val uri = Uri.parse("content://com.rommansabbir.cpexample.package.mycontentprovider/some_data")
val projection = arrayOf("key1", "key2")
val cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, projection, null, null, null)
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
val key1Value = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("key1"))
val key2Value = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("key2"))
cursor.close()
}
In this example, we access data from our custom Content Provider using a URI with the authority we specified in the AndroidManifest.xml file and the desired path ("some_data" in this case). The projection array specifies which data columns to retrieve.
Step 4: Storing Data in the Custom Content Provider
To store data in our custom Content Provider from another app, we can use the insert() method. Here's an example:
val uri = Uri.parse("content://com.your.app.package.mycontentprovider/some_data")
val values = ContentValues().apply {
put("key1", "Some value")
put("key2", 42)
}
val insertedUri = contentResolver.insert(uri, values)
This code inserts data into our custom Content Provider under the specified URI ("some_data" in this case).
With these steps, we've created a custom Content Provider that uses SharedPreferences for data storage and demonstrated how to access and modify that data from other apps. Remember to handle data storage and retrieval logic within the Content Provider's query(), insert(), update(), and delete() methods according to our app's requirements.
That's it for today. Happy Coding...
